Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- 1 Social Democracy and the Crisis of Equality: The Background -- Australian Social Democracy in an International Context -- The Australian Labor Party's Focus on Equality -- Early Conceptions of Economic Equality -- Early Racial Exclusions from Equality -- Equality and the Male Wage Worker Head of Household -- Transformations in the Concept of Equality -- Chapter Structure of Book -- References -- 2 Social Democracy and Racial/Ethnic Equality -- Australian Social Democracy in an International Context -- Curtin and Chifley Governments (1941-1949) -- Whitlam Government (1972-1975) -- Hawke and Keating Governments (1983-1996) -- Rudd and Gillard Governments (2007-2013) -- Labor Post the Rudd/Gillard Governments -- Excluded from Equality: Asylum Seekers -- Conclusion: Social Democracy and Racial/Ethnic Identity -- References -- 3 Gender: From Male Breadwinner to the Independent Adult Worker -- Australian Social Democracy in an International Context -- The Curtin and Chifley Governments (1941-1949) -- Whitlam Government (1972-1975) -- Hawke and Keating Governments (1983-1996) -- Rudd and Gillard Governments (2007-2013) -- Tensions Between Feminism and Social Democracy -- Labor Post the Rudd and Gillard Governments -- Cultural Politics and Gender Inequality -- Conclusion: Australian and International Social Democracy -- References -- 4 Sexuality: From Morality to Equality -- Australian Social Democracy in an International Context -- Pre the 1970's Whitlam Period -- The Whitlam Government (1972-1975) -- The Hawke and Keating Governments (1983-1996) -- Relationship Recognition: The Rudd and Gillard Governments (2007-2013) -- Same-Sex Marriage and the Rudd and Gillard Governments (2007-2013) -- Conclusion: Australian and International Social Democracy -- References.

This article emphasises the role that political leaders' discourse plays in evoking positive emotions among citizens in uncertain times, such as feeling protected, secure and proud in addition to the leaders' (often interconnected) role of encouraging negative feelings such as fear, resentment and anger. The article argues that such discourse frequently involves performances of gendered leadership. It cites examples from a range of countries to illustrate the points being made, but focuses on the 2020 US presidential election which saw a contest between two forms of protective masculinity: Trump's exclusionary, macho, hypermasculinity versus Biden's more socially inclusive, empathetic and softer version. Trump's protective masculinity failure over managing the COVID-19 pandemic was arguably one of the factors contributing to his electoral defeat, while Biden aimed to make voters feel safer and more protected than under Trump. The article also provides examples of protective femininity, with a particular focus on the discourse of New Zealand's prime minister, Jacinda Ardern.

Opinion polls suggested that Australia's Coalition (Liberal and National Party) government was likely to be replaced by a Labor government at the 2019 election. However, in fact the government was returned. Key issues in the 2019 election centred around managing the economy, including levels of taxation and issues of inequality; around spending on government services such as health and education; and around issues of climate change. There were elements of populism in both major parties' campaigns, and two minor populist parties played a significant role in preference distribution. There were also some simmering issues that reflect the broader geopolitical and geo-economic changes that are impacting upon Australia. These include not only challenges for Australia's economy and identity in the 'Asian Century', but also issues of Australia's relationship with China.

Former Australian Labor Prime Minister Julia Gillard was accused of unfairly playing the gender card against then Opposition Leader Tony Abbott in her accusations of sexism and misogyny. It was also claimed that she had thereby initiated the first "gender war" in Australian politics. Analyzing Australian politicians' discursive mobilizations of gender during the Gillard period provides useful insights that are relevant to the broader international literature on gender and politics, particularly given that Gillard's experiences have similarities with those of prominent female politicians in other countries, including Hillary Clinton. The article argues for a much broader understanding of playing the gender card that includes both issues of femininity and masculinity and that also emphasizes the close relationship between issues of playing the gender card and issues of gender performativity.